Anatomic dead space (e.g., trachea and large bronchi) – with each breath gas enters these areas, but doesn't participate in gas exchange.Dead space refers to inhaled gas that doesn't participate in carbon dioxide clearance.If the etCO2 curve doesn't reach a plateau, then the numeric value is less reliable. Both the numeric value and the shape of the etCO2 tracing are important.Waveform capnography should be monitored in all intubated patients and displayed on the monitor (as above).
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